The article, which was published in the Journal of Neurosurgery, found that modern helmets are better at preventing skull fractures but not at preventing injury from lower impact hits, which are more common during high school and college football games.
For the study, researchers conducted experiments on 11 widely-used high school football helmets and two vintage helmets on crash-test dummies. Researchers simulated head impact at 75Gs or less, and placed the impact at different angles to simulate different types of hits. The modern helmets and the vintage helmets recorded similar concussion risks for the wearer.
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