Bone fractures are a major health issue, especially among individuals with osteoporosis. For perspective, in the U.S. there are approximately two million osteoporosis-related bone fractures per year. Some annual estimates suggest about 700,000 osteoporosis-related fractures are vertebral compression fractures.

Out of the more than 19,565 orthopedic surgeons in the U.S., only 1.8 percent are Black. Here are 10 Black spine surgeons working to increase representation in the field.

Below is a list of 10 spine surgeons who have made a positive impact on their organizations and the specialty. 

Here are 10 early career spine surgeons making news:

The American Association of Neurological Surgeons has named Ann Stroink, MD, its president, and Anthony Asher, MD, its president-elect, the association said May 3.

Here are 10 spine surgeons to know:

A college athlete turned physician and nine more spine surgeons to know:

A physician who wrote a bill tackling prior authorizations and nine more spine surgeons to know:

Hart Garner, MD, is a spine surgeon at Metropolitan Neurosurgery in Coon Rapids, Minn.

Jason Cuellar, MD, PhD, is a spine surgeon practicing in Beverly Hills, Calif., and Los Angeles.

Jobyna Whiting, MD, is a spinal neurosurgeon at Baptist Health South Florida in Coral Gables and director of degenerative spine surgery at Miami Neuroscience Institute.

Here are 50 spine surgeons to know:

Taro Kaibara, MD, had unique training during his residency at the University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine in Canada.

Saqib Hasan, MD, of Oakland, Calif.-based Webster Orthopedics, is the first fellowship-trained full-endoscopic spine surgeon in the U.S.

Robert Bray Jr., MD, is a spinal neurosurgeon who is well known for his work with minimally invasive spine surgery.

A spine surgeon debuting new technology and nine more surgeons to know:

Randall Hlubek, MD, became interested in medicine after interning with a prosthetics company in high school.

Ira Garonzik, MD, founded the Baltimore Neurosurgery and Spine Center in 2005 and holds leadership positions at Sinai Hospital and Northwest Hospital, both in Baltimore.

Ryan Schnetzer, MD, is both an accomplished spine surgeon and athlete.

A physician appointed to a board of trustees in Florida and nine more spine surgeons to know: