Researchers analyzed the antibody formation to BMP-2, bovine collagen and human collagen. The study authors noted three prospective clinical studies investigating rhBMP-2 use in single-level lumbar spinal arthrodesis. Two studies applied rhBMP-2 to an absorbable collagen sponge for lumbar interbody fusion and the other study investigated rhBMP-2 applied to ceramic and collagen compression-resistant matrix for instrumented posterolateral fusion.
The researchers found a BMP-2 antibody formation in 0.8 percent and in 6.4 percent of the rhBMP-2 patients. The control groups experienced 0-2.3 percent antibody formation rates. No neutralizing antibodies were detected and the formation of BMP-2 antibodies that peaked within the first three months postoperatively had returned to baseline by the one-year mark.
According to the report, adverse event rates were comparable between the antibody-positive and antibody-negative patients.
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