Researchers assessed longitudinal data from the HUNT study to see whether there was a possibility of reverse causality in the correlation between symptoms of anxiety and depression with self-reported whiplash.
The researchers found that people with baseline anxiety and depression had a increased likelihood of reporting whiplash at the follow up, and self-reported whiplash increased the chances of a pension award. The latter was true even in the absence of neck pain.
Read the abstract on the study about whip lash.
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