What age groups are at increased risk of complications after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion?
A new study published in Spine examines just that. The researchers analyzed patient outcomes reported in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2005 to 2012. The patients were 18 years old to older than 75 years old, and divided into groups accordingly.
There were 6,253 patients who underwent the procedure. Here are five findings from the study:
1. Both groups of elderly patients — patients aged 65 years to 74 years and patients 75 years or older — were more likely to have these issues:
• Blood transfusions
• Reoperations
• Urinary complications
• Extended length of stay
• More complications
2. The patients who were 65 years to 74 years old were more likely to have pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis.
3. Only patients 75 years or older were more likely to experience respiratory complications, central nervous system complications or death.
4. Patients in the 18 years to 39 years-old age group and patients who were 75 years or older recorded shorter operating room times.
5. There were no differences in complication rates for the patients in the 18 years to 39 years old group and those in the 40 years to 64 years old patient group.
The researchers concluded, "Older age is an independent risk factor for greater morbidity and longer hospitalization after ACDF, even after adjustment for comorbidities when compared with younger patients. Surgeons should be aware of the increased risk of multiple complications for patients of advanced age in their surgical decision-making."