The survey was developed in three phases. Phase one involved interviewing 118 patients with lumbar spine diagnoses. The interviews includes open-ended questions about expectations. Phase two involved administering the survey twice to 56 patients to assess test-retest reliability. Phase three involved selection of 21 final items based on similarities between responses and clinical relevance. It also included the development of a scoring rubric.
The survey generates an overall score that is easy to calculate and to interpret, and thereby provides a comprehensive way to record patient expectations of lumbar spine surgery.
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