Female orthopedic surgeons entering profession at much lower rates than other specialties

While more women have pursued careers in medicine over the last 20 to 30 years, representation in orthopedics is still lagging, according to a new study presented at the 2025 annual meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

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Between 2018 and 2023, CMS data shows that while the number of female physicians in specialties like general surgery and OB-GYN grew by 5.5% and 6.93%, respectively, the number of female orthopedic surgeons entering the field only grew by 1.49%. 

The number of practicing orthopedic surgeons in the data set averaged 23,682 annually across the six-year period. The mean percentage of female orthopedic surgeons across all states was 6.02% in 2018 and demonstrated subsequent annual increases up to 7.51% in 2023, according to the study. 

Growth in female orthopedic surgeons in the field also differed by state and region. The number of female orthopedic surgeons grew by 14% and 23%, respectively, in the Pacific West and South Atlantic regions from 2018 to 2023, while the East North Central region experienced only 6% growth in female orthopedic surgeons. 

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