Spine surgeon researchers implanted 234 pedicle screws in 12 cadavers and measured procedure time, fluoroscopy time and radiation exposure, along with measuring screw placement accuracy using computed tomography scans. Fifteen researchers were part of the study group using robotic guidance; two surgeons were part of a control group.
The results showed that the study group of surgeons using a robotic guidance system had higher pedicle screw placement accuracy — by 58 percent — as well as fewer screw placement deviations (1.1 mm for the study group vs. 2.6 for the control); fewer pedicle wall breaches of 4 mm or greater (1.5 percent vs. 5.4 percent); lower surgeon radiation exposure (4.2 mrem vs. 136 mrem); lower fluoroscopy time per screw (0.9 seconds vs. 33.0 seconds) and shorter procedure times (1.23 hours vs. 1.98 hours).
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