The study examined 8,377 patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusions from January 2009 to December 2012 logged in a national insurance company’s database. The study authors reported duration of opioid use before surgery was a predictor of long term opioid use:
● One to 22 days of opioid use: 2.27 odds ratio
● 23 to 72 days of opioid use: 5.94 odds ratio
● 73 to 250 days of opioid use: 25.31 odds ratio
● More than 250 days of opioid use: 219.95 odds ratio
Patients with diagnosed depression had a 1.43 odds ratio of long-term opioid use while patients who underwent re-fusion surgery had a 1.32 odds ratio of long-term opioid use.
Anterior fusion patients had a moderately lower risk of long-term opioid use, at 0.79 odds ratio.
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