Spinal surgery is a major and delicate surgery that is performed by highly specialized and experienced surgeons. Depending on the nature of the procedure, the main surgeon can be a neurosurgeon or an orthopedic surgeon. More often than not, however, the two will work together in tandem.
Proper preparation for spinal surgery is vital. This includes everything from theater personnel, surgical equipment, and of course the patient. On the part of the patient, there are things that must be done and others that should be avoided as a way of promoting a good spinal surgery outcome, better post-surgery pain management, and faster recovery of functions.
Specific preparations depend on the type of surgery to be performed but the following general tips are applicable for most spinal procedures.
What to Do Before Spinal Surgery
It is important to prepare psychologically. Many people underestimate the psychological challenge that spinal surgery and recovery present. Significant energy should be focused on preparing mentally for your surgery and recovery.
Mental preparation starts by getting all the information you can about spinal surgery. It is important to read about the specific procedure you are to undergo. This helps you to visualize the time before, during and after the procedure. If you cannot understand most of the medical terminology, have a knowledgeable person, preferably your doctor, explain. This also helps you to have realistic expectations. Avoid websites and social media platforms populated by information from unqualified people. Your doctor can offer you literature or reputable sources from which to get your information.
Advantages of psychological preparation include:
• You spend less time in hospital post-surgery
• It helps you to have more control over your personal healthcare choices
• You will be more satisfied with the outcome as your expectations are realistic
Other forms of psychological preparation include:
• Cognitive techniques that involve imagining the possible outcomes of the surgery – both good and bad
• Relaxation techniques that help your body to relax. These can include meditation and visualization techniques. These have a positive effect on many of the body systems’ functions.
• Physical exercises. This helps your body to be well-toned and have good balance.
• Reduce weight or maintain a healthy weight.
• Interestingly, research has indicated that the belief in a higher power helps many patients face major life decisions, such as spinal surgery, more positively.
• Be assertive when dealing with medical personnel. Make sure that your doctor fully understands your problem and related symptoms. When you feel understood, you will face the surgery more confidently.
Prepare Your Personal Effects
Prepare to go to the hospital with the following personal items:
• Slip-on shoes. This helps you to avoid needing to bend to tie your shoes after the surgery
• A water bottle. A well-hydrated body is important after surgery.
• Under advice of your doctor, have stool softeners ready in case the hospital doesn’t provide them. They will help you to cope with the all too common post-spinal surgery constipation
• Toiletries
• If you have issues with sleep, bring your own items that help you sleep better. This may include a pillow and ear plugs.
Other Dos Include:
• Understand what any lab works and other investigations mean
• Arrange your finances and insurance matters
• Prepare your home for the after-surgery stay. This includes considering safety measures as in staircases, bathrooms, living room, pets and other considerations specific to your house and locality.
• Nutrition. Talk to your dietician on the best diet plan before the surgery. If you are on any supplements such as fish oil or vitamin E, stop them at least a week before the surgery.
• Blood. You may want to store your own blood before surgery
What You Should Not Do Before Spinal Surgery
• Don’t smoke
• Don’t take any blood thinning pills or supplements, including herbal preparations. If not sure, avoid any supplements for at least a week before the surgery or talk to your doctor about the products you are taking.
• Don’t take any medications from home to hospital
• Don’t take any food or drink for six hours before the surgery
Preparing both psychologically and in other ways for spinal surgery can have long-term positive effects on the surgery outcome.
References
● Puchalski, C. M. (2001). The role of spirituality in health care. Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 14(4), 352–357.
● Theadom, A., & Cropley, M. (2006). Effects of preoperative smoking cessation on the incidence and risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications in adult smokers: a systematic review. Tobacco Control, 15(5), 352–358. http://doi.org/10.1136/tc.2005.015263
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